Illuminations: Powerful Patterns

Powerful Patterns


Looking Back and Moving Forward

This final lesson reviews the work of the previous lessons. Students explore patterns in additional contexts and record their investigations. Students will rotate through center activities. Teachers may add other centers they feel will benefit the students.

Learning Objectives

 
Students will:
  • create, extend, analyze, describe, and record repeating patterns
  • create, extend, analyze, describe, and record growing patterns
  • create, extend, analyze, describe, and record number patterns

Materials

 
’Number of People’ Table (see Instructional Plan, below)
Color tiles
Grid paper
Crayons
Student pattern puzzles (from lesson 3 in this unit)
Blank paper
Computer and Internet connection
Hundred charts

Instructional Plan

To begin the lesson, display a table like the following on which data can be recorded.

 

Number of People
Body Part 1  2  3  4  5  6 
Eyes      
Toes on 1 Foot      
Toes on 2 Feet      

 

Ask the students to record entries in the table and to tell how they got them. Then ask what the entries would be if there were 8 people or 10 people. Encourage the students to skip count to find the answers.

Have students rotate among the following centers.

Teacher-Guided Center

Provide access to color tiles. Tell students they will each create a square pattern. Instruct students to build the smallest square they can with the color tiles. Discuss their squares. [A square with 1 color tile.] Then have students build the next smallest square. Ask students to describe this square. [A 2 × 2 square with 4 color tiles.] Continue this process for the next two squares. [A 3 × 3 square and a 4 × 4 square.] Give students grid paper and ask them to draw the fifth square. [A 5 × 5 square with 25 tiles.] Discuss with students how the squares changed and how they drew the fifth square.

 

Independent practice center

Post student pattern puzzles (from the What's Next lesson in this unit) where students can see them. Students choose three puzzles to copy. After copying these patterns, students fill in the missing elements. As a challenge, you may provide all the students with one pattern that has a mistake. Students must draw this pattern correctly.

 

Computer center

Access the Hundred Boards E-Example from the NCTM Standards Web site. Students create their own number patterns using the online calculator. Students record one number pattern on a hundred chart. They must write one sentence describing their number pattern.

Questions for Students

 
How do you know a shape is a square?
[It has four sides and they are all the same.]

How is each square changing in the square pattern?

[Each square has one more tile going across and one more tile going up and down.]

How did you know how many color tiles would be in the fifth square?

[I drew the fourth square. Then I added one more row and one more column. or I knew it would have five tiles going across and five tiles going up and down.]

Assessment Options

 
  1. At each center activity, students will produce work that can be collected to assess whether they met the unit objectives.

Teacher Reflection

 
  • Which students met all the objectives of this unit? What extension activities are appropriate for those students?
  • Which objectives were the most difficult for students to meet? What additional instructional experiences can I use to help students meet these objectives?
  • Which portions of this multi-day unit plan were the students most motivated to complete? Why?
  • Where will pattern concepts be included in other areas of the curriculum?
  • How can I help students connect the important ideas in this set of lessons to other ideas in mathematics such as multiplication and geometry?

NCTM Standards and Expectations

 
Algebra Pre-K-2
  1. Analyze how both repeating and growing patterns are generated.
  2. Recognize, describe, and extend patterns such as sequences of sounds and shapes or simple numeric patterns and translate from one representation to another.
This lesson prepared by Grace M. Burton.
  
1 period   

NCTM Resources

Principles and Standards for School Mathematics

Web Sites


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