Illuminations: Begin With Buttons

Begin With Buttons


Looking Back and Moving Forward

This final lesson of the unit reviews the work of the previous lessons through a variety of activity stations, one of which involves using an interactive graphing tool. Students model with buttons and record addition and subtraction.

Learning Objectives

 
Students will:
  • record the results of adding and of subtracting in both the comparative and the “take away” modes
  • correctly use the terms “addend,” “sum,” and “difference”
  • explore the effects of adding and subtracting zero and subtracting all
  • construct and make inferences from a bar graph

Materials

 
Buttons
Brightly colored paper
Crayons
Graphing Tool (for Station 3)
Button Bingo Grid Activity Sheet (for Station 5)

Instructional Plan

Set up five activity stations. Divide the class into groups of four students and assign groups to stations. Encourage them to visit each of the stations during class time. [If you need more than five stations, you might choose to have more than one of any of the stations.] Since students will need more direction at Station 3, you may wish to introduce this to the whole class before beginning station exploration time.

 

Each student should roll one die and make a set with as many buttons as there are dots on the die. Then the group should work together to compare the sets and write all the subtraction sentences that are indicated by the four sets. Ask them to record the comparisons in pictures and in number sentences.

 

Provide each pair with two dice and twelve buttons. The children work in pairs to roll dice, make a set with that many buttons, and compare the sets. The pair with the most buttons in their set makes a tallying mark. After 10 rounds, the children compare their tallies; the one with the most tallies wins the game.

 

Help the students find the Graphing Tool. When they arrive at the website, ask them to select Bar Chart. Using the class button data from Lesson 7, ask the students to make a bar chart. [You may want to describe the difference between labeling the chart and labeling the vertical axis.] Allow them to choose the colors for each bar. [When the chart is displayed, the number of students who wore each number of buttons appears at the top of each bar.] Ask the students to print their graph after they are satisfied that it displays the data correctly. Then ask them to compare the computer-generated graph with the graph they made with the sticky notes.

 

 

Distribute 10 buttons and a brightly colored sheet of paper to each pair of students. Have one student in each pair drop the buttons and count those that land on the paper. The other student will count those that land off the paper. After they compare the numbers, the student whose number is greater records the difference between the buttons that landed on the paper and the buttons that landed off the paper as his or her score for that round. The play continues until one player has 25 points.

 

Provide buttons and a Button Bingo Grid Activity Sheet to the players. Remind the players how to play the game (see Lesson 3). Then designate one player as caller.

After the children have had time at the stations, call them together and ask them to record in their journals what happened at their station.

Teacher Reflection

 
  • Which students met all the objectives of this unit? What extension activities are appropriate for those students?
  • Which students did not meet the objectives of this unit? What additional instructional experiences do they need?
  • Given a sum, can all students discover several sets of addends for that sum?
  • Can students explain the commutative property in their own words?
  • Can students model finding differences using both the “take way” and the comparison mode?
  • Can students identify the three (or two) members in a fact family?
  • Can students explain in their own words the role of zero in addition and in subtraction?
  • Can students answer comparison questions using a bar graph?
  • What were the greatest challenges for the students?
  • Which portions of this unit plan were the students most motivated to complete? Why?
  • How can I help students to continue to focus on the important ideas in this set of lessons?
  • What other learning experiences or manipulatives will help students explore addition and subtraction?
  • How might I connect the ideas of this unit with lessons with similar mathematics content?
  • What learning experiences would help students not yet comfortable with these concepts?
  • What did I learn about the students while I taught this unit?
  • When should I revisit or extend the key ideas of this unit?

NCTM Standards and Expectations

 
Number & Operations Pre-K-2
  1. Develop understanding of the relative position and magnitude of whole numbers and of ordinal and cardinal numbers and their connections.
  2. Count with understanding and recognize "how many" in sets of objects.
  3. Use multiple models to develop initial understandings of place value and the base-ten number system.
  4. Develop a sense of whole numbers and represent and use them in flexible ways, including relating, composing, and decomposing numbers.
  5. Understand the effects of adding and subtracting whole numbers.
  6. Understand various meanings of addition and subtraction of whole numbers and the relationship between the two operations.
  7. Develop fluency with basic number combinations for addition and subtraction.
  8. Develop and use strategies for whole-number computations, with a focus on addition and subtraction.
  9. Use a variety of methods and tools to compute, including objects, mental computation, estimation, paper and pencil, and calculators.
This lesson prepared by Grace M. Burton.
  
1 period   

NCTM Resources

Principles and Standards for School Mathematics

Web Sites


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